Weathering the Storm: Hurricane Panels Made with Smooth-Cast® 61D
Garrison Winthorp of Wilmington, North Carolina has seen his fair share of damaging storms. Since retiring from Grumman Aerospace and moving to Wilmington in 1985, the frequency and intensity of hurricanes has increased significantly. In the last 20 years, he has lost several large trees on his property with a few of them coming through the roof of his house. His roof has been “blown off and replaced 5 times and he has replaced too many windows to count."
Even with plywood covering the windows, flying debris has penetrated the plywood to totally destroy the window and allow wind, water and debris into the house leaving a terrible, costly mess to clean up. Plywood is also good for one hurricane only, absorbing water and distorting to the point where it no longer seals the window.
During Hurricane Bonnie in 1998, Mr. Winthorp lost 3 windows to flying branches and other debris penetrating his plywood covers and he decided that there must be a better way.
During his years with Grumman, Mr. Winthorp came to know different Smooth-On products used for mold making and casting for a variety of applications. He decided to mold and cast a window shield out of a Smooth-On impact resistant resin called Smooth-Cast® 61D. He tried it on a small scale at first and was impressed enough to cast several larger panels that withstood the fury of Hurricane Floyd in 1999 with winds of 122 mph and 20 inches (40 cm) of rain. Mr. Winthorp states that, "the panels have been banged and scratched up but have never been punctured by rocks, branches or other stuff. At the start they were a lot more expensive to make than plywood, but have paid for themselves many times over because I only had to make them once. They've seen a lot of storms since Floyd and are still going strong." He has since made panels for his friends and relatives.
Mr. Winthorp chronicled how he made his Smooth-Cast® 61D panels with help from sons Arthur and Winston who installed a new panels on his mother's house.
1 - Create a work area by spreading out a plastic tarp. Tarp will protect the floor in case of spills.
2 - Duct tape is used to secure the tarp to the floor.
3 - Based on the dimensions of the windows, a plywood base is cut to size and will be used to contain the Smooth-Cast liquid plastic as it changes from a liquid to a solid.
4 - 2 x 4's wil be used as side walls to contain the liquid plastic.
5 - The plywood is positioned on the tarp.
6 - Plastic sheeting will be spread over the plywood as a barrier. This will allow the Smooth-Cast® 61D to separate easily from the plywood baseboard after it is cured.
7 - The plastic sheeting is cut to size.
8 - The sheeting is spread over the entire board. Some excess is left on all sides to fasten the plastic to the wood.
9 - The sheeting is pulled tight across the board and stapled on all sides.
10 - Excess plastic is cut away.
11 - The cut 2 x 4's are positioned. These boards will create the sidewalls and are assembled around the perimeter of the baseboard according to measurements taken from the window to be covered.
12 - Drywall screws are used to secure the boards to the plywood base.
13 - Once the sidewalls are secured the moldbox is checked to make sure it is level. Adjustments are made as necessary.
14 - The mold is complete, but before Smooth-Cast 61D can be poured, the mold must be properly sealed and released.
15 - Smooth-On's One Step® Sealer and Release agent is applied to all wood surfaces and allowed to dry for 15 minutes. Apply a second coat and let dry 30 minutes.
16 - Smooth-Cast® 61D Part B is pre-mixed and then dispensed into a larger measuring pail.
17 - 1.5 gallons of Part B is measured out. This will make up one half of the 3 gallons total needed for the panel.
18 - 1.5 gallons of Part A is measured out into a separate measuring pail.
19 - 1.5 gallons of Part A is measured out to complement the 1.5 gallons of Part B.
20 - Smooth-Cast® 61D Part A is poured into a 5 gallon capacity mixing container.
21 - Smooth-Cast® 61D Part B is then added to the Part A. Mold maker's tip: Be mindful of the limited working time (pot life) of resins. Smooth-Cast® 61D has a pot life of about 7 minutes.
22 - Mix Part A and B for 90 seconds, making sure to scrape the sides and bottom of the container.
23 - The entire mixture is poured into new, clean second 5 gallon mixing container.
24 - Thoroughly mix again for 90 seconds. This ''double mix and pour'' technique is the best way to ensure a proper mix.
25 - Pour the Smooth-Cast® 61D into the moldbox. Pour in a thin stream in one corner of the mold and allow the resin to seek it's own level.
26 - Allow the Smooth-Cast® 61D to fully cured (about 60 minutes at room temperature).
27 - Once the Smooth-Cast® 61D has fully cured, it can be removed from the mold by carefully pulling up a corner of the casting.
28 - The cast 61D panel is ready to be installed.
29 - With the next hurricane bearing down on Wilmington, a Smooth-cast 61D® panel is installed over a window.
30 - The panel is positioned using dry wall screws and washers.
31 - Bolts, wingnuts and washers applied around the perimeter of the panel secure it to the window forming a tight seal.
32 - The panel is marked as being associated with the laundry room for future use.